Phosphate Esters
Triphenyl Phosphate (T.P.P.)
Chemical Name : Triphenyl Phosphate
Uses :
- Polyester fibers, poly carbonate triacetate,
- NC, photographic films, cellulose acetate,
- Ethyl cellulose & cellulose acetate butyrate.
|
Typical Properties :
| Physical Appearance |
White Flake |
| Phosphorus content, wt % |
9.5 |
| Specific gravity @ 60° C / 60 ° C |
1.220 |
| Melting Point °C |
48° C |
| Acidity as phosphoric acid, % |
0.003 |
Applications :
PACS TPP ( Triphenyl Phosphate ), a white flake having low iron
content, meets the known specification of all major manufacturers of
photographic safety film, It is a recognized organophosphorus flame
retardant used in films sheetings, mouldings and certain coatings. Others
important properties are its toughening ability and extremely low volatility
in cellulose acetate and triacetate, its good resistance to extremely low
volatility in cellulose Acetate and triacetate its good resistance to
moisture, and its lack of odour. In most applications, it is combined with
other plasticizers but it can be used as a primary flame retardant
plasticizers in cast triacetate film and sheeting. These products are clear,
tough and tack free, It also improves dimensional stability and dielectric
strength. Other applications are in moulded acetate products and in coating
based in nitrocellulose , ethyl cellulose and cellulose acetate butyrate.
PAC S TPP when used in large proportions is usually combined with a
solvent plasticizer to avoid crystallization and a consequent separation, as
it is a solid at room temperature. It is more compatible with cellulose
triacetate than with secondary cellulose acetate, but can be incorporated in
the latter up to about 30 phr without separation. In secondary cellulose
acetate, cellulose acetate butyrate, and ethyl cellulose, for film sheeting
or moulding material, it is generally combined with other more active
plasticizer such as dimethyl phthalate, dimethoxy ethyl phthalate or diethyl
phthalate. It can be used alone in cast triacetate film and sheeting, where,
as a very approximate guide, the top limit is 35 phr, or less ( 20-25 phr)
under severe service conditions. The approximate top limit in melt-extruded
sheeting of film is 15 phr of triphenyl phosphate, and injection moulding
material it is about 20 phr. Triphenyl phosphate is compatible with
cellulose nitrate in amounts up to equal proportions of plasticizer and
resin.
Other Films and Sheetings :
Triphenyl phosphate as a plasticizer toughens cellulose acetate and imparts
a good balance of properties in other films and sheeting. A solvent
plasticizer is generally used along with triphenyl phosphate will reduce
cold flow and improved tensile strength. Impact strength is correspondingly
reduced. Ultraviolet-light stability is average. Whereas phthalate
plasticizers and triacetin tend to increase the flammability of a cellulose
acetate composition, triphenyl phosphate reduces flammability considerably.
Cellulose acetate sheeting containing 20 phr or more triphenyl phosphate
will not continue to burn when ignited and the flame withdrawn.
Moulding Compositions :
Typical moulding applications of triphenyl phosphate are in cellulose
acetate, cellulose acetate butyrate, and vinyl copolymer compound which are
used in records, vacuum cleaner parts, housings for clocks and appliances,
and parts for Christmas tree lighting sets. Triphenyl phosphate is
recommended for use in compounds for records based on vinyl chloride-vinyl
acetate copolymer for several reasons. Up to 50 % by weight of fillers must
be added to the resin to prevent heat distortion, and up to 5 phr triphenyl
phosphate is added to wet these fillers. Its wetting actions is possible
because it melts at a slightly lower temperature than the resin. It also
functions as a surface active agent in the calendaring process, and
as an internal lubricant improving flow characteristics when the records is
moulded. As a plasticizer, it controls brittleness in the final product. Its
heat stability, low water absorption and low volatility are all advantages
over other plasticizer that has been used in these applications.
Benefits :
It is used principally as a non-solvent plasticizer for cellulose acetate
films having up to 80% retentivity and giving flexibility and toughness to
the films.
An excellent catalyst/inhibitor/chain terminator for the growing polymer
chain for the manufacture of polyester fibre.
An excellent fire retardant and plasticizer for synthetic resins viz.
Phenol formal-dehyde, decorative laminated sheets etc. It is also used in
making stencil blanks, dopes films, varnishes, enamels, plastics, lacquers
and for impregnating roofing paper.
Tricresyl Phosphate (T.C.P.)
Chemical Name : Tricresyl Phosphate
Phosphorus Flame Retardant
TCP ( Tricresyl Phosphate ) is a low viscosity synthetic phosphate ester,
Tricresyl Phosphate finds uses in wide variety of applications as Flame
retardant plasticizer.
Uses :
- Leather Cloth (PVC) : Upholstery, book binding, seat
covers
- Utility Articles : Footwear, raincoats, handbags, fiber
glass cellulose acetate
- Extruded Articles : Cables (PVC & rubber), hoses,
flexible pipe, coal mining, conveyor belts
- Coatings : Nitrocellulose lacquers, phenolic resins, lube
oils
|
Typical Properties :
| Physical Appearance |
Clear Liquid |
| Phosphorus content, wt % |
8.4 |
| Specific gravity @ 25° C |
1.17±0.01 |
| Boiling Point (decomposes )°C |
415° C |
| Flash Point °C |
220°C |
Solubility (G/100 g Solvent)
| Water |
Insoluble |
| Methylene chloride |
Complete |
| Methanol |
Complete |
| Toluene |
Complete |
| Methyl Ethyl Ketone |
Complete |
TCP is recommended for use in plastisols for fabrics coating & other
applications where its low, stable viscosity offers improved processing. TCP
can give a driver finish to coated fabrics. TCP has high plasticizing
efficiency that enables formulator to achieve better flame retardance at
lower cost. It can also be used as flame retardant in phenolic laminates.
The use of proper equipment is recommended. Excess exposure to the product
should be avoided. Wash thoroughly after handling Product should be stored
in cool, dry and well ventilated area away from incompatible materials.
Unless stated, shelf life of the product will be 12 months from the date of
packing. For additional handling & toxicological information, consult
PAC Material safety Data sheet.
Triaryl Phosphate (T.A.P.)
Chemical Name : Tricresyl Phosphate
Phosphorus Flame Retardant
TAP ( Triaryl Phosphate ) is a low viscosity synthetic Triaryl phosphate
ester, Triaryl Phosphate finds uses in wide variety of application as Flame
retardant plasticizer
Uses :
- Leather Cloth (PVC) : Upholstery, book binding, seat
covers
- Utility Articles : Footwear, raincoats, handbags, fiber
glass cellulose acetate
- Extruded Articles : Cables (PVC & rubber), hoses,
flexible pipe, coal mining, conveyor belts
- Coatings : Nitrocellulose lacquers, phenolic resins, lube
oils
|
Typical Properties :
| Physical Appearance |
Clear Liquid |
| Phosphorus content, wt % |
9.0 |
| Specific gravity @ 25° C |
1.21±0.005 |
| Boiling Point (decomposes )°C |
415° C |
| Flash Point °C |
220°C |
Solubility (G/100 g Solvent)
| Water |
Insoluble |
| Methylene chloride |
Complete |
| Methanol |
Complete |
| Toluene |
Complete |
| Methyl Ethyl Ketone |
Complete |
TAP is recommended for use in plastisols
for fabrics coating in formulation of fire resistant fluid and other
applications where its low, stable viscosity offers improved processing. TAP
can give a driver finish to coated fabrics than other Triaryl phosphate
EASTER. TAP has high plastcizers efficiency that enables formulator to
achieve better flame retardance at lower cost. It can also be used as flame
retardant in phenolic laminates.
The use of proper equipment is recommended. Excess exposure to the product
should be avoided. Wash thoroughly after handling. Product should be stored
in cool, dry and well ventilated area away from incompatible materials.
Unless stated, shelf life of the product will be 12 months from the date of
packing. For additional handling & toxicological information, consult
PAC Material safety Data sheet.
Cresyl Diphenyl Phosphate
(C.D.P.)
C.D.P. (Cresyl Diphenyl Phosphate ) is a low vicosity synthetic
phosphate esters. C.D.P. find uses in wide variety of applications as flame
retardant plasticizers.
Typical Properties :
| Physical Appearance |
Clear Liquid |
| Phosphorus content, wt % |
9.0 |
| Specific gravity @ 25°C |
1.208 ± 0.01 |
| Boiling Point (decomposes )°C |
415° C |
| Flash Point °C |
220°C |
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